The main component is the motor and dust/debris extractor in the garage or basement. The vacuum unit is stationary and provides more suction power as the motor is usually larger than a portable vacuum unit.

Central vacuum hoses come in various lengths are flexible, lightweight and crushproof. They can be used to activate the motor when plugged into a vacuum inlet. Retractable hoses (Hide A Hose) are also available, increasing the ease of use.

A vacuum pipe connects the vacuum unit and each room in your home through an inlet valve or port. The vacuum pipe is routed through the attic or basement into each room behind the wall. When a hose is connected to the vacuum pipe, the motor can automatically be activated (with some brands).

There are numerous tools and attachments for almost every type of cleaning you need to do in your home. Vacuum tools are the service end of the central vacuum and connect to the end of the hose. These tools can be electrical or air suction powered.